{"id":1779,"date":"2022-11-22T18:32:16","date_gmt":"2022-11-22T18:32:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/library-dev.umbc.edu\/wp\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/?page_id=1779"},"modified":"2022-11-22T18:32:16","modified_gmt":"2022-11-22T18:32:16","slug":"class-stratification","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/","title":{"rendered":"Class Stratification"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this collection of engravings, Cruikshank displays the stark class stratification that characterized London during the age of industrialization. As you explore this section, you\u2019ll notice that many of George Cruikshank\u2019s illustrations of class have a discernible bourgeois bias. Working class subjects are typically illustrated within the context of receiving some sort of charitable good or service from either civil society organizations or bourgeois individuals. Likewise, bourgeois and aristocratic subjects are typically shown in relation to performing (or not performing) acts of charity for working class subjects and are presented either positively or negatively based on their willingness to help those beneath them in the class hierarchy of nineteenth century Britain. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Examples of the glorification of bourgeois charity can be seen in \u201cThe Little Chimney Sweep\u201d and the \u201cRagged School Union\u201d sketches. Meanwhile, \u201cThe Pauper Family and Foolman\u201d clearly shames its aristocratic subject for his unwillingness to help the poor family at his door.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:42% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/class-stratification-tiered-image-from-bound-book-of-cruikshank-ill-1\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"665\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Class-Stratification-Tiered-Image-from-Bound-Book-of-Cruikshank-ill.-1-665x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2097 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Class-Stratification-Tiered-Image-from-Bound-Book-of-Cruikshank-ill.-1-665x1024.jpg 665w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Class-Stratification-Tiered-Image-from-Bound-Book-of-Cruikshank-ill.-1-195x300.jpg 195w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Class-Stratification-Tiered-Image-from-Bound-Book-of-Cruikshank-ill.-1.jpg 718w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Other depictions of class in this section, such as \u201cAdmiral Van Trump\u2019s Duel\u201d and \u201cGin-temple turn-out at Church-time\u201d present members of the aristocratic and working classes engaging behaviors that the ascendant bourgeois class deemed offensive and harmful, such as dueling or excessive drinking. While members of the aristocracy are usually portrayed wearing wigs and colorful coats, Cruikshank etches tattered or drab clothing to denote working class status. The class markers (and stereotypes) are made obvious through dress, posture, facial features and environment. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Click on the image icons below to learn more about each sketch&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-4 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-zoooom\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/eng-416-water\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"327\" height=\"454\" data-id=\"2210\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-Water.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-Water.png 327w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-Water-216x300.png 216w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 327px) 100vw, 327px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-zoooom\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/ragged-school\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" data-id=\"2993\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Ragged-School-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Two men in long black coats teach a room full of poor looking children who are crowded into a classroom. \" class=\"wp-image-2993\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Ragged-School-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Ragged-School-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Ragged-School-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Ragged-School-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Ragged-School-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Ragged-School-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-zoooom\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/eng-416-the-chimney-sweep-by-george-cruikshank\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"567\" data-id=\"2212\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-The-Chimney-Sweep-by-George-Cruikshank.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-The-Chimney-Sweep-by-George-Cruikshank.png 640w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-The-Chimney-Sweep-by-George-Cruikshank-300x266.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-zoooom\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/pounds-shillings-pence-in-comicalities\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"583\" data-id=\"2095\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/22Pounds-Shillings-Pence22-in-Comicalities-1024x583.jpg\" alt=\"A hand-colored three-panel image that features very wealth, middle-class, and working class individuals in domestic scenes.\" class=\"wp-image-2095\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/22Pounds-Shillings-Pence22-in-Comicalities-1024x583.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/22Pounds-Shillings-Pence22-in-Comicalities-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/22Pounds-Shillings-Pence22-in-Comicalities-768x437.jpg 768w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/22Pounds-Shillings-Pence22-in-Comicalities-1536x875.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/22Pounds-Shillings-Pence22-in-Comicalities.jpg 1580w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-zoooom\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/eng-416-admiral-van-trumps-duel\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Admiral-Von-Trumps-Duel-Comicalities.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-zoooom\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/pauper-family-and-footman-final-2\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"747\" data-id=\"3017\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Pauper-Family-and-Footman.Final_-1-1024x747.jpg\" alt=\"A well-dressed man slams the door in the face of a poor woman and her children\" class=\"wp-image-3017\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Pauper-Family-and-Footman.Final_-1-1024x747.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Pauper-Family-and-Footman.Final_-1-300x219.jpg 300w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Pauper-Family-and-Footman.Final_-1-768x560.jpg 768w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Pauper-Family-and-Footman.Final_-1.jpg 1038w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-zoooom\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/servants-within-our-gates\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"966\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"2999\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Servants-Within-Our-Gates-966x1024.jpg\" alt=\"A woman holds a leg of mean inside of what might be the downstairs kitchen of a home. Other servants are depicted, including a mean yelling threateningly at a woman. \" class=\"wp-image-2999\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Servants-Within-Our-Gates-966x1024.jpg 966w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Servants-Within-Our-Gates-283x300.jpg 283w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Servants-Within-Our-Gates-768x814.jpg 768w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/Servants-Within-Our-Gates.jpg 1208w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 966px) 100vw, 966px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-zoooom\"><a href=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/specialcollections\/cruikshank\/sketching-people\/life-in-london\/class-stratification\/eng-416-gin-temple-turn-out-at-church-time-sunday-in-london\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"483\" height=\"427\" data-id=\"2217\" src=\"https:\/\/live-umbc-wpms-test.pantheonsite.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-Gin-temple-turn-out-at-Church-time-Sunday-in-London.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-Gin-temple-turn-out-at-Church-time-Sunday-in-London.png 483w, https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2022\/12\/ENG-416-Gin-temple-turn-out-at-Church-time-Sunday-in-London-300x265.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this collection of engravings, Cruikshank displays the stark class stratification that characterized London during the age of industrialization. As you explore this section, you\u2019ll notice that many of George&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2095,"parent":1158,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1779","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1779","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1779"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1779\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1158"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2095"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.umbc.edu\/cruikshank\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}