Overview
| Title: | Solidarity collection |
| Call Number: | Coll106 |
| Creator: | Solidarity (Polish labor organization) |
| Dates: | 1989-1990 |
| Size: | 4 boxes (7.5 linear feet) |
| Language: | Polish English |
| Abstract: | The Solidarity collection contains political memorabilia and newspapers from the senate and parliamentary campaigns of the Polish Solidarity movement in 1989. The collection includes hundreds of posters, handouts, leaflets, and ephemera. |
| Citation: | Solidarity collection, Collection 106, Special Collections, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (Baltimore, MD). |
Administrative/Biographical Note
In the 1970s and early 1980s, Polish blue-collar workers embarked on a series of mass protests against the country’s communist regime. In large measure, these early protests were a response to widespread governmental corruption and a failing economy. The government’s announcement, in December of 1970, of increases in food prices put a further strain on an already heavily burdened citizenry and set in motion a series of events that led to the formation in 1980 of the Solidarity Movement. The early actions and protests in Poland represented a milestone in the development of group cohesion and consciousness among disparate groups of Polish workers. The events laid the groundwork for the 1980 worker strikes at the Gdansk Shipyard, wherein workers, led by electrician Lech Walesa, demanded higher pay, more rights, and called for the formation of independent trade unions. The “Solidarity” trade union, which was the first nationwide workers’ organization not controlled by the Communist party, grew out of the Gdansk strikes. Solidarity eventually broadened its scope to encompass a call for relaxation of censorship, new rights for the church, the freeing of political prisoners, and improvements in the country’s health service.
When martial law was declared by the Polish government in December of 1981, the Solidarity union and its affiliated organizations were banned. They remained officially illegal until early 1989 when they helped bring about semi-free elections. These elections were the first time that non-Communist Party candidates were allowed to appear on Polish ballots. Solidarity secured this concession following negotiations—known as the Round Table Talks– between the government and the Solidarity-led opposition. The elections were an overwhelming success for Solidarity and by the end of August of 1989 a Solidarity-led coalition government was in place. In December of 1990 Lech Walesa was elected President of Poland.
Visual, print, and broadcast media played a significant role in the Solidarity Movement. The artwork of the Solidarity movement, particularly the posters and handouts created by the Polish Poster School (a mid-to-late twentieth century approach/school of art that combined the aesthetics of painting with the succinctness and simple metaphor of the poster) were a pivotal aspect of the Solidarity movement’s success. Posters from this school, particularly the iconic work by graphic designer Jerzy Janiszewski, who created a style of writing known as Solidaric that features a red and white Polish flag growing up from the “n” in the word “Solidarnosc,” (intended to represent individual people united in a common cause) as well as the work of Tomasz Sarnecki, whose poster featuring an image of Gary Cooper from the 1952 film “High Noon” and the phrase “High Noon, June 4, 1989,” along with the work of many other artists comprise a powerful part of Solidarity’s legacy and were critical to the movement’s success.
Just as visual media played an important role in Solidarity’s eventual overthrow of Poland’s communist regime, print and other news media also were fundamental to the movement’s accomplishments. In addition to Solidarity’s own newspaper, Solidarnosic (which was initially printed on presses in the Gdansk shipyard), by the mid-1980s the movement produced over 500 underground publications and broadcast political messages over pirate radio stations including Solidarity Radio. Well into the late 1980s, English and Polish Language newspapers, such as The Warsaw Voice and Gazeta Wyborcza (The Election Gazette) which were printed and distributed in Poland, were important and vital means for informing, inspiring, and empowering Solidarity’s members and the Polish citizenry as a whole.
Scope & Content
Arrangement
The Solidarity collection has been divided into six series:
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Series I. Posters
- Political and campaign posters
- Senate candidate campaign posters
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Series II. Political cartoons
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Series III. Periodicals
- The Warsaw Voice
- Polish language newspapers
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Series IV. Handouts
-
Series V. Ephemera
-
Series VI. Exhibit materials
Note
The Solidarity collection includes political memorabilia and newspapers from the Polish Solidarity movement senate and parliamentary campaigns of 1989 and is 7.5 linear feet. The collection consists chiefly of posters and newspapers, but also includes handouts and printed ephemera from the monumental 1989 elections.
The collection is divided into six series, primarily based on format. Series I contains nearly 200 posters, and is divided into two sub-series. The posters in sub-series I.A. are largely materials related to the Solidarity movement as a whole. In addition, this sub-series contains posters designed to encourage citizens to vote in the 1989 elections. The posters vary in size and style, some exemplifying the Polish Poster School (a mid to late twentieth century approach that combined the aesthetics of painting with the succinctness and simple metaphor of the poster).
The posters in sub-series I.B. depict individual senate and parliamentary candidates. These posters are uniform in style and color and all include a photograph of the candidates posing with Lech Walesa.
Series II includes Solidarity-themed political cartoons. The series is comprised of (10) 14 ¼” x 10 ¼” black and white posters printed on white cardstock drawn by the artist Chodovowski and a large collection of 8 ½ x 11 cartoons by Agnieszka I. Adi.
Series III is comprised of editions of Polish newspapers published during 1988 and 1989 and contains two sub-series. Sub-series II.A. contains issues of the English-language paper, The Warsaw Voice. Sub-series II.B. is made up of copies of the Polish-language paper Gazeta Wyborcza as well as single issues of Tygodnik Solidarnosc, Samorzadna, Rzeczpospolita, Zwrotnica, and Niespodzianka Dziekujemy, all of which are Polish-language newspapers.
Series IV includes election-related handouts, instructional voting materials, and individual candidate materials. The material in this series ranges in size from 6” x 8 ½” to 8 ½” x 11” and is housed in three folders according to category (political handouts, instructional voting materials, and handouts for individual senate candidates).
The bulk of Series V is housed in a single folder that contains a variety of Solidarity-themed postage stamps, stickers, postcards, handouts. In addition, this series includes a white plastic shopping bag with the word “Solidarnosc” (Solidarity) printed in red, which is in a separate folder. Series V also contains a hand-written, over-sized Solidarity candidate speaking engagement scheduling calendar, which tracked events leading up to the Spring 1989 elections that is housed with the political posters in the map drawers.
The material in Series VI is contained in one folder and relates to a 1990 exhibit of the Solidarity materials in the UMBC Library Gallery entitled, “Solidarity and The Polish Elections.”
Provenance Information
Provenance and Acquisition Information
Includes accession MSS 1989-01. The Solidarity collection came to UMBC’s Albin O. Kuhn Library and Gallery Special Collections as a gift from the Solidarity Central Committee, by way of UMBC History Professor Colin B. Burke. Professor Burke gathered the materials while ‘on the ground’ in Warsaw, Poland during the Polish soft revolution. He was able to safely get the materials out of the country, and subsequently donated them to UMBC. All of the materials arrived in a single accession in August of 1989.
Processing Note
The Solidarity collection was donated in 1989 and remained unprocessed until the Fall of 2012 when processing was undertaken by graduate student Theresa Donnelly under the supervision of Special Collections Librarian Susan Graham. Processing was completed and a finding aid written by Theresa Donnelly in February, 2013.
Descriptive Rules Used
Describing Archives: a Content Standard (DACS)
Archives Processing Manual: Description (2015)
Access & Use
Finding Aids
Finding Aid available.
Finding Aid: /specialcollections/finding-aids/coll106/
Access Conditions
No restrictions.
Conditions Governing Reproductions and Use
Reproductions allowed for research purposes. Copyright maintained by the creator.
Subject Headings
Creators
Solidarity (Polish labor organization)
Burke, Colin B., 1936-
Subjects
Poland
Labor unions
Walesa, Lech, 1943-
Series Description & Container List
Series I. Posters
This series contains posters created for the 1989 Solidarity parliamentary and senate elections. There are two sub-series.
Sub-series I.A. Political and campaign posters
This series is organized by poster size.
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| Poster-001: SdRP | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-002: Pamietaj zwolennicy reform za nie tylko w opozycji…Andrzej Wieczorkiewicz | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-003: Solidarnosc | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-004: Kandydaci Warszawskiego Komitetu Obywatelskiego…[list of candidates] | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-005A: Terminarz Spotkan Jacka Kuronia… (page 1 of 2) | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-005B: Terminarz Spotkan Jacka Kuronia… (page 2 of 2) | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-006A: Terminarz Spotkan Jacka Kuronia… (page 1 of 2) | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-006B: Terminarz Spotkan Jacka Kuronia… (page 2 of 2) | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-007: Wybierz 35% Solidarnosc sprawdzimy sie w 100% | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-008: Wybierz 35% Solidarnosc sprawdzimy sie w 100% | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-009: Wybierz 35% Solidarnosc sprawdzimy sie w 100% | 1989 | 1 | ||
| Poster-010: Komitet Obywatelski Solidarnosc Zapraszamy! | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-011: Solidarnosc Informacja | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-012: Chodzcie z nami! | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-013: O co chodzi 4.vi?…Solidarnosc | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-014: O co chodzi 4.vi?…Solidarnosc | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-015: O co chodzi 4.vi?…Solidarnosc | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-016: O co chodzi 4.vi?… Warszawski Komitet Obywatelski | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-017: O co chodzi 4.vi?… Warszawski Komitet Obywatelski | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-018: Wybory ’89 Solidarnosc [green letters with red flowers] | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-019: Wybory ’89 Solidarnosc [green letters with red flowers] | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-020: Wybory ’89 Solidarnosc [green letters with red flowers] | 1989 | 2 | ||
| Poster-021: Soldiarnosc – nie do zdarcia | 1989 | 3 | ||
| Poster-022: Soldiarnosc – nie do zdarcia | 1989 | 3 | ||
| Poster-023: Dziekujemy Solidarnosc | 1989 | 3 | ||
| Poster-024: Aleksander Olaszewski… | 1989 | 3 | ||
| Poster-025: Wybierz swoja polske Solidarnosc | 1989 | 3 | ||
| Poster-026: Glosuj na Solidarnosc Lech Walesa Wybory ’89 | 1989 | 3 | ||
| Poster-027: Glosuj na Solidarnosc [children posting bills] | 1989 | 3 | ||
| Poster-028: Glosuj z nami [crowd of people] | 1989 | 3 | ||
| Poster-029: Solidarnosc glosuj 4 czerwca! [children sleeping] | 1989 | 4 | ||
| Poster-030: Bravo Lech [mustache] | 1989 | 4 | ||
| Poster-031: Glosuj z nami [crowd of people] | 1989 | 4 | ||
| Poster-032: Warszawski Komitet Obywatelski Solidarnosc | 1989 | 4 | ||
| Poster-033: Jozef Wleklinski… | 1989 | 4 | ||
| Poster-034: Glosuj na Solidarnosc Lech Walesa Wybory ’89 | 1989 | 5 | ||
| Poster-035: Zeby Polska byla Polska 2+2… | 1989 | 5 | ||
| Poster-036: Sam Rzad to nie Wszystko! | 1989 | 5 | ||
| Poster-037: Solidarnosc w samo poludnie 4 czerwca 1989 [Gary Cooper from High Noon] | 1989 | 5 | ||
| Poster-038: Solidarnosc [multiple outlines of Solidarnosc; scissors] | 1989 | 5 | ||
| Poster-039: Program Wyborczy Komitet Obywatelskiego “Solidarnosc” | 1989 | 5 | ||
| Poster-040: Solidarnosc…[definition of Solidarity] | 1989 | 5 | ||
| Poster-041: Wybierz Jacka Kuronia | 1989 | 6 |
Sub-series I.B. Senate candidate campaign posters
This series is organized alphabetically by candidate name.
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| Poster-042: Jacka Ambroziaka (Ambroziak, Jack) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-043: Andrzeja Arendarskiego(Arendarski, Andrzej) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-044: Piotra Baumgarta(Baumgart, Piotr) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-045: Bednarkiewicz, Maciej (Macieja Bednarkiewicza) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-046: Bembinski, Stefan (Stefana Bembinskiego) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-047: Bernatowicz, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Bernatowicza) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-048: Beszto-Borowski, Jan (Jana Beszte-Borowskiego) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-049: Bialkoeski, Grzegorz (Grzegorza Bialkowskiego) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-050: Bielecki, Jan Krzysztof (Jana Krzysztofa Bieleckiego) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-051: Bilicki, Edmund (Edmunda Bilickiego) | 1989 | 7 | ||
| Poster-052: Bojarski, Wlodzimierz (Wlodzimierza Bojarskiego) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-053: Brzezinski, Kazimierz (Kazimierza Brzezinskiego) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-054: Brzuzy, Richard (Ryszarda Brzuzy) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-055: Bugaj, Ryszard (Ryszarda Bugaja) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-056: Bujak, Jack (Jacka Bujaka) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-057: Celinski, Andrzeijeg (Andrzeja Celinskiego) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-058: Chelkowski, August Jan (Augusta Jana Chelkowskiego) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-059: Chodkowski, Jan (Jana Chodkowskiego) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-060: Chrobak, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Chrobaka) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-061: Chrupek, Pawel (Pawla Chrupka) | 1989 | 8 | ||
| Poster-062: Cieslo, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Ciesle) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-063: Dabrowski, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Dabrowskiego) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-064: Dankowska, Adela (Adele Dankowska) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-065: Dembinski, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Dembinskiego) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-066: Dietel, Jerzy (Jerzego Dietla) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-067: Dmochowska, Maria (Marie Dmochowska) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-068: Drela, Zbigniew (Zbigniewa Drele) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-069: Dudy, Roman (Romana Dude) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-070: Dyner, Jerzy (Jerzego Dynera) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-071: Dziubek, Mark (Marka Dziubka) | 1989 | 9 | ||
| Poster-072: Fenrych, Andrzej (Andrzeja Fenrycha) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-073: Bolleslaw, Fleszar (Fleszara Boleslawa) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-074: Gabryszewski, Andrzej Waldemar (Andrzeja Waldemara Gabryszewskieggo) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-075: Ganowicz, Riszard (Ryszarda Ganowicza) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-076: Geremek, Bronislaw (Bronislawa Geremka) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-077: Gil, Jerzy (Jerzego Gila) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-078: Glapinski, Andrzej (Andrzeja Glapinskiego) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-079: Goralczyk, Jozef Andrzej (Jozefa Andrzeja Goralczka) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-080: Grzeskowiak, Alicja (Alicje Grzeskowiak) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-081: Gutowski, Jozef (Jozefa Gutowskiego) | 1989 | 10 | ||
| Poster-082: Hejmanowska, Stefania (Stefanie Hejmanowska) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-083: Helak, Ryszard (Ryszardo Helaka) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-084: Hoffman, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Hoffmana) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-085: Holoubek, Gustaw (Gustawa Holoubka) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-086: Iwan, Ryszard (Ryszarda Iwana) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-087: Janas, Zbigniew (Zbigniewa Janasa) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-088: Janowski, Gabriel (Gabriela Janowskiego) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-089: Janowski, Gabriel (Gabriela Janowskiego) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-090: Jozefiak, Cezareg (Cezarego Jozefiaka) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-091: Jungiewicz, Jozef (Jozefa Jungiewicza) | 1989 | 11 | ||
| Poster-092: Jurek, Mark (Marka Jurka) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-093: Juszkiewicz, Rysharol (Ryszardla Juszkiewicza) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-094: Kapes, Jaroslaw (Jaroslawa Kapse) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-095: Kern, Andrzej (Andrzeja Kerna) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-096: Klopotowski, Tadeusz (Tadeusza Klopotowskiego) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-097: Kosmalski, Andrzej (Andrzeja Kosmalskiego) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-098: Kowala, Mariana (Mariana Kowala) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-099: Kowalczyk, Jozef (Jozefa Kowalczyka) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-100: Kowalczyk, Tadeusz (Tadeusza Kowalczyka) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-101: Kowalski, Wieslaw (Wieslawa Kowalskiego) | 1989 | 12 | ||
| Poster-102: Koziol, Lech (Lecha Koziola) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-103: Kozlowski, Krzysztoja (Krzysztofa Kozlowskiego) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-104: Kozlowski, Stefan (Stefana Kozlowskiego) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-105: Kralczynski, Andrzej (Andrzeja Kralczynskiego) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-106: Krasnodebski, Karol (Karola Krasnodebskiego) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-107: Kraszewski, Ryszard (Ryszarda Kraszewskiego) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-108: Krauz, Stanislaw (Stanislawe Krauz) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-109: Kruk, Erwin (Erwina Kruka) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-110: Krzanowski, Maciej (Macieja Krzanowskiego) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-111: Kuratowska, Zofia (Zofie Kuratowska) | 1989 | 13 | ||
| Poster-112: Kuron, Jack (Jacka Kuronia) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-113: Kuron, Jack (Jacka Kuronia) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-114: Kuron, Jack (Jacka Kuronia) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-115: Kuron, Jack (Jacka Kuronia) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-116: Kurzajewski, Czeslaw Kazimierz (Czeslawa Kazimierza Kurzajewskiego) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-117: Laczkowskiego, Pawla | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-118: Langowska, Grazyna (Grazyne Langowska) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-119: Lapicki, Andrzeij (Andrzeja Lapickiego) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-120: Lech, Zbigniew Miroslaw (Zbigniewa Miroslawa Lecha) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-121: Lipko, Wieslaw (Wieslawa Lipka) | 1989 | 14 | ||
| Poster-122: Lipski, Jan Jozef (Jana Jozefa Lipskiego) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-123: Lipski, Jan Jozef (Jana Jozefa Lipskiego) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-124: Jana Jozefa Lipskiego | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-125: Litynski, Jan (Jana Litynskiego) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-126: Liwak, Wladyslaw (Wladyslawa Liwaka) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-127: Lopuszanski, Jan Edward (Jana Edwarda Lopuszanskiego) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-128: Lubieniecki, Jozef (Josefa Lubienieckiego) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-129: Lupina, Zygmunt (Zygmunta Lupine) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-130: Machalski, Andrzej (Andrzeja Machalskiego) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-131: Majdanski, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Majdanskiego) | 1989 | 15 | ||
| Poster-132: Malachowski, Aleksander (Aleksandra Malachowskiego) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-133: Michalak, Henryk (Henryka Michalaka) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-134: Michnik, Adam (Adama Michnika) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-135: Milkowski, Andrzeij (Andrzeja Milkowskiego) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-136: Modzelewski, Karol (Karola Modzelewskiego) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-137: Mokreg, Wlodzimierz (Wlodzimierza Mokrego) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-138: Niewiarowski, Ireneusz (Ireneusza Niewiarowskiego) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-139: Nowicki, Zdzislaw (Zdzislawa Nowickiego) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-140: Obertaniec, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Obertanca) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-141: Orel, Jerzy (Jerzego Orla) | 1989 | 16 | ||
| Poster-142: Osmanczyk, Edmund Jan (Edmunda Jana Osmanczyka) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-143: Padykula, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Padykule) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-144: Panka, Waleriana (Waleriana Panke) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-145: Paszynksi, Aleksander (Aleksandra Paszynskiego) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-146: Pawlowski, Krzysztof (Krzysztofa Pawlowskiego) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-147: Pieta, Irenewsza (Ireneusza Piete) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-148: Pietkiewicz, Jerzy (Jerzego Pietkiewicza) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-149: Pietrzak, Jerzy Kazimierz (Jeszego Kamimierza Pietrzaka) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-150: Pigon, Zenon (Zenona Pigonia) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-151: Pilarski, Bohdan (Bohdana Pilarskiego) | 1989 | 17 | ||
| Poster-152: Piotrowski, Lesek (Lezska Piotrowskiego) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-153: Polmanski, Piotr (Piotra Polmanskiego) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-154: Poltorak, Maciej (Macieja Poltoraka) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-155: Pszczolkowski, Benedyk (Benedykta Pszczolkowskiego) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-156: Puter, Krysztof (Krysztofa Putre) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-157: Radziwill, Anna (Anne Radziwill) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-158: Radziwill, Anna (Anne Radziwill) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-159: Radziwill, Anna (Anne Radziwill) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-160: Regulski, Jerzy (Jerzego Regulskiego) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-161: Reieff, Ryszard (Ryszarda Reiffa) | 1989 | 18 | ||
| Poster-162: Robakowski, Bogdan (Bogdana Robakowskiego) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-163: Rokicki, Zbigniew (Zbigniewa Rokickiego) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-164: Romaszewski, Zbigniew (Zbigniewa Romanszewskiego) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-165: Rostek, Kazimierz {Kazimierza Rostka) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-166: Rozek, Janusz (Janusza Rozka) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-167: Rusznica, Jan (Jana Rusznice) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-168: Salata, Josef (Jozefa Salate) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-169: Scieszko, Tadeusz (Tadeusza Scieszko) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-170: Seferowicz, Elzbietta Maria (Elzbiete Marie Seferowicz) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-171: Sielicka-Gracka, Maria (Marie Sielicka-Gracka) | 1989 | 19 | ||
| Poster-172: Sienkiewicz, Henryk (Henryka Sienkiewicza) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-173: Sierzant, Tadeusz (Tadeusz Sierzanta) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-174: Sikora, Andrzej (Andrzeja Sikore) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-175: Sliszy, Josef (Josefa Slisza) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-176: Sobierajski, Czeslawa Stanislaw (Czeslawa Stanislawa Sobierajskiego) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-177: Sobieski, Francisz (Franciszka Sobieskiego) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-178: Sobieszezanski, Stefan Boguslaw (Stefana Boguslawa Sobierszezanskiego) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-179: Staniszewska, Grazyna (Grazyna Staniszewska) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-180: Stanowski, Adam (Adarna Stanowskiego) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-181: Steinhoff, Janusz Wojciech (Janusza Wojciecha Steinhoffa) | 1989 | 20 | ||
| Poster-182: Stelrnachowski, Andrzej (Andrzeja Stelrnachowskiego) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-183: Stepniak, Henryk Janusz (Henryka Janusza Stepniaka) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-184: Stornrna, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Stornrne) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-185: Suchocka, Hanna (Hanne Suchocka) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-186: Szczepkowski, Andrzej (Andrzeja Szczepkowskiego) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-187: Szczypiorski, Andrzej (Andrzeja Szczypiorskiego) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-188: Szyrnanderski, Jack (Jacka Szyrnanderskiego) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-189: Szyrnanski, Leonard (Leonarda Szyrnanskiego) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-190: Tarnowski, Mieczyslaw (Mieczyslawa Tarnowskiego) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-191: Tornkiewicz, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Tornkiewicza) | 1989 | 21 | ||
| Poster-192: Trochimiuk, Mieczyslaw (Mieczyslawa Trochimiuka) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-193: Twarog, Boleslaw (Boleslawa Twaroga) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-194: Urbanowicz, Anna (Anne Urbanowicz) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-195: Ustasiak, Mieczyslaw (Mieczyslawa Ustasiaka) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-196: Wajda, Andrzej (Andrzeja Wajde) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-197: Wegloswski, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Weglowskiego) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-198: Wenda, Edward Joachim (Edwarda Joachima Wende) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-199: Wielowieyski, Andrzej (Andrzeja Wielowieyskiego) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-200: Eugeniusza Wilkowskiego | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-201: Wilek, Henryk Zbigniew (Henryka Zbigniewa Wilka) | 1989 | 22 | ||
| Poster-202: Wilek, Henryk Zbigniew (Henryka Zbigniewa Wilka) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-203: Bronislaw, Wilek (Bronislawa Wilka) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-204: Wojtczak, Michal (Michala Wojtczaka) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-205: Wujec, Henryk (Henryka Wujca) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-206: Wujec, Henryk (Henryka Wujca) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-207: Wyrowinski, Jan (Jana Wyrowinskiego) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-208: Zalewska, Teresa (Terese Zalewska) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-209: Wieslawa Zajaczkowskiego | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-210: Zawislak, Andrzej (Andrzeja Zawislaka) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-211: Zdrada, Jerzy (Jerzego Zdrade) | 1989 | 23 | ||
| Poster-212: Zielinski, Tadeusz (Tadeusza Zielinskiego) | 1989 | 24 | ||
| Poster-213: Ziotkowski, Janusz (Janusza Ziolkowskiego) | 1989 | 24 | ||
| Poster-214: Zlakowski, Zenon (Zenona Zlakowskiego) | 1989 | 24 | ||
| Poster-215: Zurowski, Antoni (Antoniego Zurowskiego) | 1989 | 24 | ||
| Poster-216: Zurowski, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Zurowskiego) | 1989 | 24 | ||
| Poster-217: Zutkowski, Stanislaw (Stanislawa Zytkowskiego) | 1989 | 24 |
Series II. Political cartoons
This series contains two portfolios of political cartoons. Arranged alphabetically by the cartoonist’s name.
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| Agnieszka I. Adi | 1989 | 1 | Portfolio 1 | |
| Chodovoski | 1989 | 1 | Portfolio 2 |
Series III. Periodicals
This series contains Polish newspapers published during 1988 and 1989 and is organized into two sub-series.
Sub-series III.A. The Warsaw Voice
This series is organized by date.
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 3. November 6, 1988. | 1988 | 1 | 1 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 4. November 13, 1988. | 1 | 1 | ||
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 6. November 27, 1988. | 1988 | 1 | 1 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 7. December 4, 1988. | 1988 | 1 | 1 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 8. December 11, 1988. | 1988 | 1 | 2 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 9. December 18, 1988. | 1988 | 1 | 2 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no.10-1 (11). December 24, 1988-January 1, 1989. | 1 | 2 | ||
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 2 (12). January 8, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 2 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 3 (13). January 15, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 3 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 4 (14). January 22, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 3 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 6 (16). February 5, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 3 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 7 (17). February 12, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 3 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 8 (18). February 19, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 4 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 9 (19). February 26, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 4 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 10 (20). March 5, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 4 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 11 (21). March 12, 1989 | 1989 | 1 | 4 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 12 (22). March 19, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 5 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 16 (26). April 16, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 5 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 18 (28). April 30, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 5 | |
| The Warsaw Voice, no. 24 (34). June 11, 1989. | 1989 | 1 | 5 |
Sub-series III.B. Polish language newspapers
This series is organized by title and date.
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| Dziekujemy | 1989 | 2 | 1 | |
| Samorzadna Rzeczpospolita, no. 8. May 15, 1989. | 1989 | 2 | 1 | |
| Zwrotnica, May 1989. | 1989 | 2 | 1 | |
| Niespodzianka, no. 2. May 27, 1989. | 1989 | 2 | 1 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 1 May 8, 1989. (4 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 2 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 2. May 9, 1989. (3 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 3 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no 3. May 10, 1989. | 1989 | 2 | 3 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 4, May 11, 1989. | 1989 | 2 | 3 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 5. May 12-14, 1989. (6 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 4 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 6. May 15, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 5 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 7. May 16, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 5 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 8. May 17, 1989. | 1989 | 2 | 5 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 9. May 18, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 6 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 10. May 19-21, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 6 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 11. May 22, 1989. ( 2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 6 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 12. May 23, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 7 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza no. 13. May 24-25, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 7 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no.14. May 26-28, 1989.(2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 7 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 15. May 29, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 8 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 16. May 30, 1989. ( 2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 8 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 17. May 31, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 8 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 18. June 1, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 9 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 19. June 2-4, 1989. (3 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 9 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 20. June 5, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 9 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 21. June 6, 1989. ( 2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 10 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 22. June 7, 1989. (2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 10 | |
| Gazeta Wyborcza, no. 23. June 8, 1989. ( 2 copies) | 1989 | 2 | 10 | |
| Tygodnik Solidarnosc, no. 2 (39). June 9, 1989. | 1989 | 2 | 10 |
Series IV. Handouts
This series contains political handouts and voting materials from the Solidarity movement and is arranged by subject.
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| Political handouts | 1988-89 | 3 | 1 | |
| Instructional voting materials | 1989 | 3 | 2 | |
| Handouts for Senate Candidates | 1989 | 3 | 3 |
Series V. Ephemera
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| Printed Solidarity ephemera (see Oversized folder 1) | 1989 | 3 | 4 | |
| Solidarity shopping bag | 1989 | 3 | 5 |
Series VI. Exhibit materials
This series contains materials from the 1990 UMBC Library Gallery Solidarity exhibit, “Solidarity and the Polish Elections.”
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| UMBC Solidarity exhibit materials | 1990 | 3 | 6 |
Oversized
Items inappropriate for the standard document box have been removed to oversized boxes. The folder title from which the item was removed is used and the original location is listed in parentheses.
| Folder Title/Description | Date | Box # | Folder # | Additional Info. |
| Solidarity Events Schedule (from Series V, Box 3, Folder 4) | Oversized Folder 1 | Calendar 1 |
Bibliography
NSZZ “Solidarność” website. Accessed December 17, 2015.
Poland After 1945 collections, Hoover Institution. Accessed December 17, 2015.
Solidarity and related materials collection, Houghton Library, Harvard University.
“Making the History of 1989” online exhibit. The Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media (CHNM) at George Mason University. Accessed December 17, 2015.